Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It may be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
Infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogens that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be triggered both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, always present in the human body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against a background of decreased immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococci.A healthy body is able to suppress the infection, but inflammation develops against the background of a decrease in immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion in the pelvic organs - impaired blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors provoking the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- decreased immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
Congestive prostatitis is believed to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of a decrease in metabolism and a violation of prostate trophism.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in prostate tone and stagnation of secretions.This causes swelling of the organ and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual intercourse per day) leads to depletion of the organ and can also cause the development of the disease.
According to the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The urination process is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, caused by compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with timely administration of adequate drug therapy.In the absence of correct treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of male sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become acute.Exacerbations of the disease are mainly associated with decreased immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all tests to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of prostate secretion, an ultrasound scan and an MRI of the organ are carried out.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increasing immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial medications.Their selection is made based on the results of prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute phase, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of the therapy is carried out with medications that normalize the functionality of the organ.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes the use of medications to improve immunity.These can be local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of medicines is made only by the doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the mainstay of treatment is fighting infections;for stagnant prostatitis, it is to improve the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with symptom-relieving medications, which normalize prostate function and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, the mainstay of therapy is antibiotics.
The following groups of medications are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are rarely used in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and the large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that provoke the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs in this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
However, a fairly good result is achieved when using combined medications.
In most cases, macrolide medications are prescribed.Its advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerance of organisms and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors increasingly prefer drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.They are broad-spectrum antimicrobial medicines that have a series of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe medications containing levofloxacin.Therapy takes at least 28 days, the medicine is taken from 1 to 2 tablets.The exact dosage and dosage regimen are selected by the doctor individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is shortened.
Anti-inflammatory medications
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
These drugs have a symptomatic effect, eliminating pain and stopping the inflammatory process.It is advisable to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance enters directly into the prostate tissue.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatories are prescribed in short courses to alleviate symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis they are the main line of treatment, as antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
To treat congestive prostatitis, bioactive medications are often used to normalize prostate functionality.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used for a long period to treat inflammation.For bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this medication is indicated to restore the functioning of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories with propolis and beekeeping products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.These drugs are aimed at normalizing prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines to increase immunity
During complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate is exposed to several medications.To prevent the disease from reappearing after a course of treatment, a set of measures to increase immunity is indicated.
To this end, the following is prescribed:
- zinc preparations;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E.
For the normal functioning of the prostate, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary. Urologists usually prescribe bioactive dietary supplements rich in these substances.
It is also recommended to take a vitamin course designed specifically for men.These medicines contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial therapy, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this medicine is no less effective in tablet form.
In chronic prostatitis, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of exacerbation.
Physiotherapy and massage
In chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of influence and darsonvalization are usually used.In bacterial inflammation, these methods are not used, as they can provoke the spread of pathogens throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is impaired, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are performed by a qualified specialist - a urologist or proctologist.The massage course varies from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymph stagnation and normalizes the flow of prostate secretions.A series of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of the organ and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is carried out only in case of complications.
In infectious prostatitis, the formation of an abscess in the prostate is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation, during which the abscess is opened and its contents are removed.
In chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is installed to remove urine.Furthermore, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis may occur, resulting in the appearance of scars in the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed during which the compaction areas are removed with a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The diet for prostate inflammation is not strict, but it excludes fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
You should include foods in your diet that are good for men's health:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed oil and olives;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented dairy products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower part of the body.
An important role is played by the patient's sex life.If you have prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it exhausts the prostate gland.
Otherwise, adequate drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist annually and undergo a comprehensive prostate examination.